INTEGRATED CONTROL OF ROOT ROT AND WILT DISEASE ON CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS USING BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CONTROL

Abstract

This study was conducted at the University of Baghdad, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/Department of Plant Protection for the period 2021-2022, with the aim of isolating and diagnosing the pathogens that cause root rot and wilt disease on Catharanthus roseus in different areas of Baghdad, and conducting an integrated control of the pathogen using biological and chemical control. The results of isolation and identification the presence of 4 types of fungi accompanying plants: Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. equiseti and Rhizoctonia solani in different nurseries in Baghdad regions, and the most frequent species were the species F. solani, F. equiseta (FeL1), The results of the antagonism test showed that the commercial preparation of Trichoderma harzianum had a high antagonistic ability against FeL1 on the PDA medium. The results also showed that the use of Beltanol at concentrations (50, 100, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000) mg/L led to a 100% inhibition of the growth FeL1 for concentrations, compared to the control treatment without fungicide on PDA in which the inhibition rate was 0.00%, and the use of Beltanol at a concentration of (50) mg/L did not have a significant effect on the T. harzianum with significant differences from the rest of the concentrations used in the test, as well as the results of the effect of the efficiency of the T. harzianum  and the Beltanol alone and their interactions in combating the disease under the conditions of the greenhouse and the nursery showed that All treatments led to a decrease in the rate and severity of infection with the pathogenic F. equiseti and an increase in the fresh and dry weight of the vegetative and root total of seedlings of the dwarf variety.