EFFECT OF SOME ORGANIC MATTER AND NUTRIENTES ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF Dianthus caryophullus UNDER SUSTAINABLE FARMING SYSTEM

Abstract

       Cut flowers are one of the most important commercial crops, and carnation (Dianthus caryophullus) is one of these major flowers, as carnations rank first among the types of cut flowers produced all over the world. This study included two experiments: A field experiment conducted in one of the plastic houses located in the research station (B) of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering/ College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/ University of Baghdad, for the fall season 2023-2024, to study the growth response of carnation plants to some organic materials under the sustainable agriculture system. Carnation seedlings of the (Grace) variety were imported with a length of (8-10) cm from one of the agricultural offices in Turkey. After that, they were planted in small anvils, then transferred to the permanent place (direct soil cultivation) after the appearance of the fourth leaf on the plant. The experiment was carried out after carrying out all service operations for the plastic house from sterilization (solar sterilization) before plowing, plowing, and leveling. The panels were made with an area of ​​(1x1) and irrigation pipes were extended, as well as the agricultural soil was analyzed before planting and all service operations were carried out, then compost (wheat straw and palm waste) was added after removing the panel soil and at a depth of 30 cm, and then the extracted soil was mixed with the media and amended. The second experiment included a storage experiment conducted in the storage laboratory of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering / College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/ University of Baghdad. The results indicated that the effect of organic materials (palm waste) at a concentration of 4 kg and also at a concentration of 20 g of aloe vera gel was significantly superior to the first concentration compared to the control in both treatments on all data. Growth characteristics: plant height (68.62-68.60 cm), number of leaves (75.97-76.38 leaves/plant-1), number of branches/plant (6.49-6.39 branches/plant-1), leaf chlorophyll content (76.57-73.64 (SPAD), leaf surface area index (583.33-605 cm2). As well as measuring the concentration of NPK elements in the leaves (3.00-2.97-0.37-0.36-2.69-2.73 mg kg-1) respectively for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.